Status: U Return-Path: Received: from mail.papermoneyworld.net ([207.3.91.49]) by strange.mail.mindspring.net (Earthlink Mail Service) with SMTP id u0dcd7.l8h.37kbi0u for ; Thu, 29 Nov 2001 17:07:35 -0500 (EST) Subject: MPC GRAM Precedence: bulk Sender: mpcgram-owner@mail.papermoneyworld.net From: mpcgram-owner@mail.papermoneyworld.net (List Server) Date: Thu, 29 Nov 101 15:20:24 CDT Message-Id: <10111291520.AA2504E1AE@mail.papermoneyworld.net> Reply-To: mpcgram@mail.papermoneyworld.net Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 04:39:05 -0800 (PST) From: MPCgram Subject: Re: FEST 2002 Reply-To: mpcgram@mail.papermoneyworld.net Great, tell the fellow that everyone will be interested in his MPC war stories. Fred ===== MPC Gram is published by BNR Press and papermoneyworld.com as a free service to the community of military money collectors. Your suggestions, criticisms, complaints, editorial contributions, letters, and even praise are very welcome. The entire contents including linked illustrations are copyright protected by the publishers. In the case of contributors, the copyright is protected on behalf of the creators. Please send all correspondence regarding the gram to MPCgram@yahoo.com. Thank you very much for your participation. __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Yahoo! GeoCities - quick and easy web site hosting, just $8.95/month. http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info1 Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 09:16:59 -0800 (PST) From: MPCgram Subject: MPCGram 498 Reply-To: mpcgram@mail.papermoneyworld.net ============================================== MPC Gram ============================================== Covering the Entire World of Military Numismatics ---------------------------------------------- Series 003-Number 498 Thurski, November 29, 2001 Philippine Emergency Cebu Notes By Larry “Ski” Smulczenski In Gram 490, Ken Berger asked for information about the overstamps on Philippine Emergency notes from Cebu. Since Fred couldn't find Ken's email address, this is in response to Ken's query, but shared with other Gramsters who might find it of interest. When World War II broke out on December 8, 1941 in the Philippines, expenditures were greatly increased for both the military and civil portions of the government. Also, as is common in time of war, coins and banknotes are hoarded by the populace and a shortage of money is quickly felt. The situation was made worse in the Philippines, by a presidential decree that ordered all government employees, national, provincial and municipal be given a three months pay advance. The situation became acute on January 2, 1942 when the Japanese captured Manila and all normal sources of currency supply ceased. This placed an added burden on the provincial treasuries which now had to pick up the responsibilities of the national government and to a small extent even that of the United States. This included pensions paid to government retirees and also to the Philippine Scouts that the U.S. normally paid. This placed an enormous strain on the provincial treasuries since the currency in circulation plus the limited reserves were far short of what was needed. Just prior to the Japanese capture of Manila, President Quezon under the Emergency Powers Act created Emergency Currency Committees in certain provinces and authorized them to print currency. In the case we are interested in, a telegram was sent to the manager of the Philippine National Bank in Tacloban, Cebu on December 29, 1941 creating the Cebu Currency Committee with Mr. Simeon C. Miranda, Acting Manager of the bank as chairman, and Provincial Fiscal Felix Imperial Reyes and Provincial Auditor Roman T. del Bando as members. The initial authorization was for 100,000 Pesos in small denominations, but with the urgent need for currency in denominations from one to twenty pesos, amounts produced far exceeded the authorization. These actions were later approved by Quezon who also commended the committees for their foresight. The Cebu committee undertook preparations to prepare plates for printing denominations from 5 centavos thru 20 Pesos. These notes are listed as S-211 thru S-218 in the Standard Catalog of World Paper Money, Volume One. The printed signatures of the above named committee members along with their titles are on the notes. You have to use your imagination for Reyes' signature, but the other two are readily discernible. Printing began with the one peso note and by February 16th, a total or one million notes had been produced. This is one of the commonest of the Philippine Emergency notes and is readily available. The printing operations continued until March 25th, during which 11,555,000 pesos were produced and delivered to the Philippine National Bank, Cebu Branch for distribution. Some of this currency was sent to other provinces including Leyte and Samar. When the Japanese overran Manila, General Masaharu Homma, Commander-in-Chief of the Imperial Japanese Forces issued a decree that Japanese Military Notes (JIM) in peso denominations were to be accepted for all transactions, and that anyone interfering with their circulation would be severely punished. A week later, this decree was amended to authorize use of Philippine currency in circulation and U.S. dollars along with the Japanese Military currency. On February 6, 1942, the use of the dollar was prohibited. The Japanese probably were unaware that the emergency currency notes were being printed at this time and were in the process of being distributed during the spring of 1942. In May, Homma issued a proclamation that "absolutely prohibited the circulation of the Philippine National Bank Emergency Notes issued by the various branches and agencies of the Philippine National Bank in the Visayan provinces. Any person circulating or accepting the said emergency notes for any purpose whatsoever will be severely punished in accordance with the Military Law". This proved to be a mistake on the part of the Japanese as it created an unnecessary hardship on the people and served to antagonize them. The Japanese garrisons were small and widely spread across the countryside. Harsh treatment by the invaders quickly drove a wedge between occupied and unoccupied areas and reduced the effectiveness of the "Co-Prosperity Sphere propaganda that the Japanese were promoting. Apparently the Japanese realized their mistake, and although no official directive has been found authorizing the use of this emergency currency, the Japanese must have known about and sanctioned its use. Quite possibly the notes were authorized for use if they were overstamped in the Municipality by an official. Notes were overstamped using all sorts of stamps, from the Office of the Municipal Treasurer to the Money Order Branch of the Post Office and to the Municipal Mayor or Principal Clerk. Some notes circulated thoughout the countryside and have multiple stamps on them. It is quite possible that all the municipalities in Leyte counterstamped this series of notes from Cebu. I personally have 35 different counterstamps in my collection and have reports of 9 others that I do not have. Literature indicates that there were 47 municipalities in Leyte during the war. I have a postwar map of Leyte from 1956, that lists 63 municipalities. I do not know if the number of municipalities in Leyte grew during those ten years or if the "47" is on the low side. Counterstamps were placed on notes for use in other provinces like Samar and Mountain Province. I believe that the story behind those notes is similar to the one told above. Remember that we are talking about Philippine Emergency Circulating notes here and not Guerrilla notes. The Japanese never authorized the use or possession of notes produced in the field by the Guerrillas. Discovery of those notes on a person could result in death or imprisonment. Thanks for the idea for an article, Ken. If you want to discuss this further, contact me at skifla@prodigy.net. ============================================== Editorial ---------------------------------------------- We do not know how many people have purchased notes from the Hoffman list published yesterday (and repeated below), but we know that people noticed because we have had lots of feed back. Lists like this are great for the buyers, sellers, and the Gram. Possibly the most under appreciated aspect of the Gram is the PX section. You really should send us listing of things for sale. If you have a few duplicates or an extensive inventory, you can sell material and support the Gram at the same time. ANA seminar catalog ============================================== Mail Call ---------------------------------------------- Dear Festers, I will fly in/out of Detroit. I always fly in early to look for sterling sivlerware and what little MPC there is in the Detroit area. Nick Schrier 916 496-8720 Dear Nick, Thanks, I am sure that you will find some needy riders from Detroit. We will post your notice with the Fest info starting tomorrow. Editor ================================================ Departments ------------------------------------------------- Calendar of events for Gramsters maintained by Howard Daniel, Nancy and John Wilson and Gram staff, last updated September 7, 2001 show reports are requested on all events. Even if it was not a great show, there must be something to report. What and whom did you see? Market activity? Share your observations and thoughts with Gramsters everywhere. ---------------------------------------------------- Special "MPC" events March 2002 8-10 - MPCFest III - reservations in order received: Guido Crapanzano, Harold Kroll, Larry Smulczenski, Gary "Got any fours" Hicks, Tom Warburton, David Seelye, Jack Lippincot, Phil Goldstein, Warner Talso, Nick Schrier, Richard Freyser, Tom Koch, Mark Watson, Bill Yanchick, Doug Bell, Sam Feeback, Bruce Potter, Elmer Smith, Marv Mericle, Wes and Rod Hardy, Marcus Turner, Fred Schwan {running total 23}] Three airports are reasonably available for the Fest. In order of proximity they are: Toledo Cleveland Detroit (Metro) All three are reasonable. If you can arrive early enough AND coordinate it well ahead, every attempt will be made to pick you up at the airport to save on rental cars. Festers are encouraged to corridnate among themselves for rides. We will also run notices in the Gram and, finally, we will try to coordinate for Festers to run pickups from Fest central. W.W.II numismatics seminar at ANA Summer Seminar, July 2002 Session I (Sunday, June 30 through Thursday, July 4, 2002) Session II (Sunday, July 7 through Thursday, July 11, 2002) general events will return soon --------------------------------------------------- Donations are now being accepted for scholarships to the 2002 "Military Money" course at the 2002 ANA Summer Seminar. Inquiries and donations should be sent to: Military Numismatists c/o Marcus Turner 8103 East US Highway 36 Suite 163 Avon, IN 46123 Donors to 2002 Scholarship Fund Steve Feller Harold Kroll R. A. Medina Guido Crapanzano David Seelye Leo May Warner Talso Marv Mericle Mark Watson Gail Baker ==================================================== Post/Base Exchange (PX/BX/NEX) Dump your dupes! Your classified advertisement for items for sale will be run here for free. Send your ads to the gram. This service is for everyone, most humble dealer or most advanced collector. The point is to make the gram more interesting. Send in a list of items for sale and we will list them here in the gram. In all cases confirm your order via email first. FOR SALE The following list of MPC replacements is available. Please email to confirm. issue/ # Reported /Serial number/ Pos # /Con / Price 461 $1 19 A00377503 48 VF $750.00 472 5c 34 C00624708 79 F/VF $300.00 472 $1 21 C00040842 6 F $650.00 481 10c 38 D00170337 22 VG/F $150.00 481 25c 21 D01617344 35 discolored XF $575.00 541 5c 45 F01193155 66 VG $200.00 541 5c 45 F01761339 53 GCU $800.00 541 10c 70 F00954890 36 F $100.00 541 50c 89 F11020164 44 VF $200.00 591 5c 31 G00425460 54 F+ $195.00 611 5c 127 H00331092 42 GCU $185.00 611 10c 145 H00282786 36 GCU $195.00 611 $1 170 H00016589 3 VG $100.00 641 5c 90 J00721442 7 VG/F $50.00 641 10c 29 J00482501 61 ink 8 rev. F $175.00 641 $10 59 J00483291 11 discolored VF $200.00 661 10c 59 B00058454 8 CU $700.00 661 $1 75 B00253005 32 stained F $100.00 681 5c 42 C00281032 36 F $100.00 681 50c 35 C00072051 10 CU $750.00 681 $1 28 C00330407 42 GCU $950.00 681 $20 43 C00057576 8 F $500.00 692 5c 100 E00473007 60 F $75.00 692 10c 83 E00561106 71 F $85.00 692 25c 38 E00065719 9 F $200.00 692 50c 25 E00233975 30 XF $575.00 Confirm with Ed Hoffman hoffman@rabbitbrush.com WANTED Collectors may submit lists of items wanted for their collections for listing here. Dealers and collectors who have these items are then encouraged to list them or sale in the above section. This is a trial, if you like it, send your list. =================================================== Staff: publisher and editor: Fred Schwan - MPCGram@Yahoo.com; assistant editor - Phil Goldstein IWANTMYMPC@aol.com distribution manager - Brad Peacock bp22@swbell.net Tuesday columnist Joe Boling – JoeBoling@aol.com Thurski columnist Larry “Ski” Smulczenski –skifla@prodigy.net critic: Harold Kroll - MPCKid@AOL.com; index manager: Ed Beaman webmaster & technical advisor: Doug Bell - (Wiz): doug@papermoneyworld.net; The Boss: Judy Schwan ===== MPC Gram is published by BNR Press and papermoneyworld.com as a free service to the community of military money collectors. Your suggestions, criticisms, complaints, editorial contributions, letters, and even praise are very welcome. The entire contents including linked illustrations are copyright protected by the publishers. In the case of contributors, the copyright is protected on behalf of the creators. Please send all correspondence regarding the gram to MPCgram@yahoo.com. Thank you very much for your participation. __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Yahoo! GeoCities - quick and easy web site hosting, just $8.95/month. http://geocities.yahoo.com/ps/info1