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MPC GRAM
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Covering the entire World of Military Numismatics

Series 003 - Number 631      Friday - 24 MAY 2002
___________________
__280 days to Fest IV__


FEATURED ARTICLE


Oral History Interview with BERNARD BERNSTEIN Part VI
July 23, 1975
by Richard D. McKinzie
submitted by Fred Schwan [comments in square brackets]

       We had some of the French with us. I personally made available office space in my group of offices, for a French treasury official, Guindey, whom I had known from North Africa. There also was in London at the time as part of General de Gaulle's staff, Herve Alphand. Alphand was an Inspecteur des Finances at the French Treasury and had been the financial attache´ at the French Ambassy in Washington. I had known him from Washington days. We worked some with the French but mostly civil affairs and military government planning was between the British and ourselves.

       My British opposite number was a British brigadier, Michael Babington Smith who was a well-known British banker, and the nephew of the then Earl of Elgin. Babington Smith and I worked quite well together. We dealt also with the British Treasury and War Office people and with U.S. Treasury personnel at the American Embassy in London. We also dealt with finance officials of Belgium, Luxembourg, Holland and Norway. The main difficulty we had was with de Gaulle.

       The decision had been made at the top governmental level that we would in connection with the invasion of  France use a currency which was printed at the U.S. Treasury, which we were treating as supplemental francs. The normal French franc was issued by the Bank of France. The supplemental franc didn't say who issued it, it just said, "Issued in France." It had on one side the French flag and the words in French "Ègalitè Libertè Fraternitè," and on the other side the number of francs, whatever number it was. We had a proclamation saying that this currency was legal tender in France.

       SHAEF headquarters hadn't taken the currency problem up directly with de Gaulle, until the last day or two, a couple of days before the invasion. I think there was a great deal of fear, especially on the American side, that de Gaulle and the Free French leaked too much. Maintaining security on this thing was crucial, of crucial importance at that time.

       A clever cover plan had been worked out, especially by the British, to convince the Germans that the invasion of Normandy was just a feint and that the real invasion was going to be at Calais. This cover plan was so effective that that's what Hitler was expecting. He was waiting for the main invasion to come in at Calais and he did not move some of his troops into Normandy as quickly as he might otherwise have done.

       In any event, we at the SHAEF headquarters, in accordance with instructions, didn't clear this currency matter with the French. We had understood that at the Government level in Washington there had been appropriate clearance with the French. We didn't know what were the discussions in Washington.  All of a sudden de Gaulle heard that we were going to issue franc currency in France without his authorization. Shortly after the invasion began he made a violent attack on the supplemental franc currency and called it--whatever the French equivalent is--counterfeit money.

       Well, this was occurring at the very time of the invasion of France. A very big disturbance was created at SHAEF headquarters and General Marshall was drawn into the problem. I remember reading in a book about General Marshall that he was very bitter about de Gaulle for threatening the effectiveness of the invasion. In view of President Roosevelt's policy respecting France and de Gaulle the decision about the currency to be used was up to the President.

       Our policy had been to say this was currency which we were issuing, we would deal later with the redemption question and what countries were obligated for what amount, and so on. But this heated discussion went on. I remember one day being called into General Smith's office while he was dictating a cable to Washington on the currency question.

       I suggested to him that he was saying something a little contrary to the policy that had come to us from Washington. He said he would take care of that.  I could see that he and General Eisenhower were trying to work out something of an accommodation with de Gaulle, because General Eisenhower wanted the full cooperation of de Gaulle and the French resistance group and wanted no interference with the invasion. Gradually an arrangement was worked out that the supplemental currency would be treated as though it was issued by the National Committee that was under the control of de Gaulle.

       You will recall at the time President Roosevelt was very anxious to have, what we would say today "all his options left open." He didn't want to have de Gaulle in a position where he could force himself on France. The President wanted the French to make their own decision as to who was going to be their leader and what form of government they were going to have and so on. But de Gaulle was maneuvering against the President's policy.

       General de Gaulle had considerable success. By the time Paris was liberated on August 25, 1944 he was pretty well recognized as the provisional government of France. I was sent forward to Paris to deal with financial matters. I came from London to General Eisenhower's advance headquarters in Normandy at a town called Grenville and then drove up to Paris arriving during the night of September 1, 1944. September 1, 1944 was not only one week after Paris was liberated but was five years to the day since my wife and I had to leave Paris on September 1, 1939 when war broke out.

       I worked with the French Treasury and Bank of France officials arranging for monies to be made available to the American military forces. Gradually franc currency issued by the Bank of France was substituted for the supplemental franc currency. Credit arrangements were set up and records kept of how much franc currency was made available to the Americans, how much we used for supplies, and so on.


       In the fall of 1944 the President of the Bank of France and other high officials of the Bank of France gave a luncheon in my honor at the Bank of France. In 1945 I was one of six officers of SHAEF G-5 awarded a Legion of Honor by the French Provisional Government.  The French Provisional Government took over the control of France. We had a staff of civil affairs personnel stationed in Paris.


       I had on the finance side, first a Major Philip Allen, who was the son-in-law of Clarence Dillon and the brother-in-law of Douglas Dillon. I remember that first week I was in Paris talking to Phil Allen at great length and trying to persuade him to stay on in Paris on this assignment. He wanted to do more active military service. He ultimately got himself transferred. I replaced Allen with an officer by the name of Colonel John Harriman. Harriman was a cousin, I think, of Averell Harriman. I put Colonel Harriman in as our senior financial man in Paris. Essentially the position just involved a kind of watching and reporting back if there were any problems that might affect the security of the Allied military forces. But of course the French at that point were just as interested as the Americans and the British in the successful movement of the Allied armies that was going on across France. 

       We also had small civil affairs staffs in Belgium and Holland and Norway. I think Norway was mostly handled by the British. I dealt, for instance, with the Belgian Minister of Finance, Camille Gutt. The Belgians had decided to call in all their outstanding currency because much of it was in the hands of Germans and in the hands of collaborators. The Belgians felt they could only get adequate control by calling in all the outstanding currency and issuing a new currency. We had an interest in seeing that the interests of the Allied military forces were protected and the Belgians were very cooperative with us on the matter.
   

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MAIL CALL


The 2002 ANA "Military Numismatics" class is going to be the best one yet! Currently, we have 8 students signed up -- all eager to learn about the Numismatics of World War II, including MPC's, paper money, bonds,
coins and medals. There are still a couple of slots open -- so it's not too late to make plans to attend the ANA

Summer Seminar. See http://www.money.org/sumsem2002.html for more information.
       Gail Baker


*     *     *     *     *     *     *     *     *     *

Dear Editor
I was reading the Department of the Army 57th Signal Company Information Letter to Incoming Personnel dated 21 October 1969.  The Company Headquarters were at Long Binh, S. Vietnam with six logistic support units located in Can Tho, Tan Son Nhat (Saigon's Airport), Qui Nhon, Nha Trang, and Phu Bai.

The information letter addressed in Section 7 the use of "MACV ration cards."  Here is the extraction from the letter:

7. MACV ration cards are issued to all individuals. The following
restrictions apply:

a. Cards are not transferable.

b. Sections of the card may not be removed form the central portions.  Any card without the original four sections intact is void.

c. Exchange merchandise may not be transferred by sale, gift, exchange, or loan except as provided in the appropriate directives.

d. Cards may not be sold, bartered, or placed in pawn.  Only one card per individual is authorized.

Phil Goldstein wrote in great details about the currency control cards but this was some thing entirely different, since it contained  removable "sections" as addressed in 7.b.  Does any one have any scans, pictures, description, etc. of such item?  Were ration cards the same as currency control cards?  The big question is "does any one have one for sale?"  Best regards,
Trung T. Nguyen, P.E.

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EDITORIAL


       I have come across the MACV Ration Cards from time to time in my travels, an own a couple. They seem to have been issued for the sales control of commodities such as tobacco for a 12 month period, and the one time purchase of radios, tape recorders, cameras, electric fans, record players (remember those?), typewriters, etc. (Can you imagine humping a typewriter into the bush? I guess it was for the REMF's...)  ebven a REFRIGERATOR! What I find most intriguing, is the way the electronics are "controlled": they are listed as:

camera (still) -
camera (movie) -
radio $20 & under -
radio $30 & under -
tape recorder $75 & under -
taper recorder over $75 and so on.

The Ration Cards are formally known as MACV Form 333 and the two I own were printed on 1 Apr 68.
Editor

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CALENDAR OF EVENTS

2002

ANA Seminar:   29 June to 5 July
W.W. II numismatics seminar at ANA Summer Seminar, July 2002
Session I
(Saturday, 29 June through Friday, 5 July, 2002)
Session II
(Sunday, 7 July through Thursday, 11 July, 2002)
general events will return

WESPMEX:   27 - 28 July
Westchester Paper Money Exposition - 175 Dealers
Westchester County Center, White Plains, NY

WESPMEX:   11 - 13 October
Westchester Paper Money Exposition - 100 Dealers
Westchester County Center, White Plains, NY

WESPMEX:   29 November - 1 December
Westchester Paper Money Exposition - 160 Dealers
Westchester County Center, White Plains, NY

2003

CPMX 9:   20 - 23 February,
MPC Fest IV:   28 Feb - 2 March, Port Clinton, OH
Fest Registrants: Doug Bell,  Joe Boling,  Guido Crapanzano,  Dick Freyser,  Philip M. Goldstein,  Gary Hicks,  Harold Kroll, 
Jack Lippincot,  Kevin Maloy,  Leo May$$,  Fred Schwan,  David Seelye,  Nick Shrier,  Larry Smulczenski,  Warner Talso,
Marcus Turner,  Tom Warburton

$$ = Paid          Running total: 17



ANA:   19-22 March, Charlotte, NC

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SCHOLARSHIP DONATIONS

FILING IS CLOSED FOR 2002 SCHOLARSHIP APPLICATIONS

Donations now being accepted for 2003 scholarships.


For further information, please contact:


Military Numismatists
c/o Marcus Turner
8103 East US Highway 36
Suite 163
Avon, IN 46123

maturner@indy.rr.com

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HOT CONTACT LIST - DEALER & RESOURCE LIST


Below is the BNR Press Hot Contact List. This list serves several functions. Obviously it is an outreach by the dealers listed for your business. Most of them buy and sell MPC. Others organize shows or publish periodicals, or furnish information dedicated to this field. They have supported the new Comprehensive Catalog of Military Payment Certificates with their advertising.

They deserve your support and patronage!

Name                                                       phone                    fax / cell                          email
Allens                                                     (614) 882-3937       (614) 882-0662               info@allens.com
American Coins & Collectibles          (800) 865-3562
American Numismatic Ass'n               (800) 367-9723                                               ana@money.org
Guy Araby                                             (562) 945-7891      (310) 508-0018                guyaraby@earthlink.net

Bob Baker                                              (713) 864-3122
Ken Barr                                                 (408) 272-3247                                               ken@kenbarr.com

Fred Bart                                                (810) 979-3400
Dick Balbaton                                        (508) 699-2266       (508) 643-1154               RJBalbaton@aol.com

Keith and Suzanne Bauman                (248) 262-1514                                               tnaksbauman@earthlink.net
Joe Bissell                                              (602) 440-0442       (602) 494-9103
BNR Press                                              (419) 732-6683       (419) 732-6683               fredschwan@yahoo.com

Remy Bourne                                         (800) 789-7070       (763) 789-4747
Ed Carne                                                 (614) 882-3937       (614) 882-0662               info@allens.com

Champion Stamp                                   (212) 489-8130       (212) 581-8130
Cookie Jar Collectibles                         (301) 604-9225                                               cjcpi@comcast.net

Guido Crapanzano                                [39] 2-8056228       [39] 2-4459856
Currency Dealer Newsletter                (310) 515-7369
David F. Cieniewicz                              (205) 852-7015
CGC                                                         (602) 493-4758       (602) 494-9103               sales@gradedcurrency.com
Mike Cummings                                    (863) 603-9899       (863) 603-9880            
   mpccoin@hotmail.com
Cygnet Charters                                    (419) 734-2422
Ray Czahor                                            (301) 604-9225                                               cjcpi@comcast.net

Doric Coins & Currency                      (508) 699-2266       (508) 643-1154
FUN                                                        (407) 321-8747

Larry Gibbs                                            (308) 635-7900                                               oth@prairieweb.com
Philip M. Goldstein                               (845) 254-MPC1 [6721]                                iwantmympc@aol.com  or  MPC Website
Great Lakes Bank Note Company      (419) 732-6683
IBNS                                                                                                                               joeboling@aol.com
Essie Kashani                                        (909) 627-3996       (909) 627-2776               kashani10@aol.com
Lowel Horwdel                                      (765) 583-2748       (765) 583-4584               horwdel@inshightbb.com
Peter Huntoon                                       Smithsonian Research
                                peter.huntoon@att.net
Lyn Knight                                            (800) 243-5211
Krause Publications                             (715) 445-2214       (715) 445-4087  
             bnr@krause.com
Harold Kroll                                           (251) 649-5134                                               HARBONS@aol.com
Leo May                                                 (305) 271-8391      (305) 720-0659                LeoMayEnt@aol.com or Wide World of Banknotes
Ian Marshall                                          (416) 445-0286       (416) 445-0286               iam@total.net
Memphis Coin Club                             (901) 757-2515
MPCGram                                               (419) 732-6683                                               MPCGram@yahoo.com
Bob Reed                                               (504) 361-5684                                               bobreed@rrcoins.net
Fred Schwan                                          (419) 732-6683       (419) 732-6683               FredSchwan@yahoo.com
David Seelye                                         (585) 594-1987       (585) 594-2311               coinman@rochester.rr.com
Richie Self                                              (318) 868-9077
R. M. Smythe                                         (800) 622-1880       (212) 908-4047               www.smytheonline.com

Mel Steinberg & Son                           (415) 453-9750       (415) 457-4432               melsteinberg@mindspring.com
Military Trader                                      (800) 334-7165
Scott Winslow Associates                 (603) 472-7040       (603) 472-8773  
             scott@scottwinslow.com
George Warner                                      (307) 672-3700
Pam West                                              [44] 0208 641 3224   [44] 0208 641 3224      pamwestbritnotes@compuserve.com


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POST / BASE EXCHANGE   (PX/BX/NEX)


Dump your dupes! Your classified advertisement for items for sale, purchase or trade will be run here for free. Send your ads to the gram. This service is for everyone, most humble dealer or most advanced collector. The point is to make the gram more interesting. In all cases confirm your order via email first.

FOR SALE SECTION:
For Sale ads will run for a period of up to 5 issues, or until sold.


Series 541 $5         front: vf+ / back: vf                                                            $2250
SN F02031284F      PN 4

Series 541 $10       xf / xf                                                                                 $1250
SN F11420626F      PN 28

Series 591 $5         f / f - with hole in center from folding                                    $400
SN G01590625G           PN 49

Series 591 $10       unc - with 1/8" tear top dead center -                                  $3000
SN G02225825G           PN 29
cannot be seen when in holder - sharp square corners, the unc in Lyn Knights auction sold for 6k+, this is an affordable alternative                 
                                                                                                      
Series 611  $5        vf+ / vf+                                                                             $1300
SN H02336122H   PN 43

Series 611 $10       xf+ / xf+ gorgeous note. 3 light folds, but looks au               $450
SN 04598956H      PN 25

scans available upon request!
reply to Phil:  iwantmympc@aol.com




Series 471   1 Dollar                       F                                                     14.00
Series 471   1 Dollar                       VF                                                  29.50
Series 471   1 Dollar                       VF-EF                                            40.00
Series 471   1 Dollar                       EF                                                   85.00
Series 471   1 Dollar                       AU                                                 150.00
Series 471   1 Dollar                       CH. UNC       bent corner else    175.00
Series 471   5 Dollars                      F                                                    675.00
Series 471   5 Dollars                      VF                                                 1250.00
Series 471   5 Dollars                      EF                                                  2500.00
Series 471  10 Dollars                     EF                                                  600.00
Series 471  10 Dollars                     AU                                                1000.00
Series 471  10 Dollars                     UNC                                              2250.00

contact David Seelye at coinman@rochester.rr.com

(626)

Comprehensive Catalog of Military Payment Certificates - 4th Edition
by Fred Schwan

Standard Edition (400 pages!)                                                               $  50
Collectors’s Edition (432 pages!)                                                          $  95
Researcher's Edition (432 page, 46 produced, limited to availability)      $125
All orders plus $4 shipping per order (NOT per book). Send snail mail payment to:


BNR Press
132 E. Second Street
Port Clinton, OH   43452

or PayPal using email:
fredschwan@yahoo.com


WANTED SECTION:
Collectors may submit lists of items wanted for their collections for listing here.
Dealers and collectors who have these items, are then encouraged to list them for sale in the above section as a reply.
Wanted listings will run for a period of 1 month.


WANTED - Fancy Series 641 fractional notes - any condition. (5/18)



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MPC CATALOG CORRECTIONS & ENHANCEMENTS


Page 18, Bottom - Users of Military Payment Certificates
Check marks were omitted from production copies of books. Please check off the following:
Australia:           641, 661, 681, 692
Canada:            461 through and including 591
Korea:              641, 661, 681, 692
New Zealand:   641, 661, 681, 692
Thailand:           641, 661, 681, 692
United States:    All
(date listed: 02 APRIL 2002)

Page 201, Bottom Right - Very last sentence on this page
Two serial numbers listed for the second printing of
Series 472 .50 cent notes.  The first serial number listed is obviously in error as a nine digit number: C040351392C   
Correct Serial Number is: C04035139C
D Freyser (date listed 10 April 2002)

Page 207, #833/4  - Series 481 .25 4th Printing  (table listing serial number breakdowns)  line 5
Start Number is incorrect. It appears as:
(start) D14784001D   (end) D14784000D
Correct start number should be: D09408001D
PK6 (date listed: 03 APRIL 2002)

Page 214, #855/r2 - Series 541 $1 Replacements,
Ending serial number is incorrect
Correct number is F1112000
(date listed: 02 APRIL 2002)

Page 220, #884/2r - Series 641 .50 Replacements

On page 284, it is broken down into 2 printings. That's correct, BUT, on page 220 he lists only (1) printing reported. It should "list" both first and second printings. 
Guy Araby (date listed 04 APRIL 2002)

Page 287, Series 661 Series Summary, 25 cent note: the "list" shows "#CU as 10(7) . It should read, 8(7). As only 8 are known in CU. Just recount P.289. 
Guy Araby (date listed 08 APRIL 2002)

Page 398, Series #541 $10 on  "UNC." price is $2500, on P.214 the UNC. price is $3500. Also the rest of the prices don't match all the way to "VG" on this issue. They should be the same price.
Guy Araby (date listed 08 APRIL 2002)

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MPC Gram Staff:


Publisher:                                               Fred Schwan -                              MPCGram@yahoo.com

Editor:                                                     Philip M. Goldstein -                   IWANTMYMPC@aol.com
Subscription Manager:                        Doug Bell -                                   doug@papermoneyworld.net
Tuesday Columnist :                            Joe Boling -                                   JoeBoling@aol.com
Thurski Columnist:                               Larry "Ski" Smulczenski -           skifla@prodigy.net
Friday Columnist:                                 Fred Schwan -                               MPCGram@yahoo.com
Critic:                                                      Harold Kroll -                                HARBONS@aol.com
Distribution Manager:                         Brad Peacock -                              bp22@swbell.net

Scholarship Coordinator:                    Marcus Turner -                           maturner@indy.rr.com
Index & Back Issue Manager:            Ed Beaman -                                  ebeaman@sprynet.com
    
Webmaster & Technical Advisors:   Doug Bell "Wiz" -                        doug@papermoneyworld.net
                                                                 Russ Walsh -                                russ.walsh@gte.net
Fact Checker:                                         Warner Talso -                            
Calendar Coordinator:                          John & Nancy Wilson -

The Boss:                                               Judy Schwan -