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MPC GRAM
==============================================
Covering the entire World of Military Numismatics
Series 003 -
Number 642 Saturday - 08 JUNE 2002
___________________
__265 days to Fest IV__
FEATURED ARTICLE
Oral History Interview with BERNARD BERNSTEIN - part
VIII
July 23, 1975
by Richard D. McKinzie
Submitted by Fred
Schwan, [comments in brackets]
Toward the end of 1940, or perhaps the middle of 1941, a man by the name of Leo
Istorik came to see the Secretary of the Treasury. Mr. Istorik was a member of
the Board of Directors of the Anglo-Palestine Bank, which was the Jewish owned
bank in Palestine. The bank was having some financial problems and was seeking
loans or financial assistance in the United States. Secretary Morgenthau
delegated me to work with Mr. Istorik on the matter. I made a careful study of
our statutes and authorities and reached the conclusion that the U.S. Treasury
and the U.S. Government could not give any financial help to the Anglo-Palestine
Bank. The Secretary agreed with that conclusion. The Secretary also agreed with
my recommendation that he write a letter (which I had prepared) to the governor
of the Bank of England, talking about the situation and in a sympathetic manner
suggesting that the Bank of England might want to consider giving some financial
help to the Anglo-Palestine Bank.
While Mr. Istorik was in this country he had a number of meetings with Justice
Louis Brandeis, who was at the time retired from the U.S. Supreme Court and who
had been prior to his appointment to the bench, the head of the Zionist movement
in the U.S. Mr. Istorik had told Justice Brandeis about me and about what I was
doing at the Treasury. Justice Brandeis told Mr. Istorik that he would like to
see me at his apartment. I had on a number of occasions previously attended
Sunday afternoon teas at Justice Brandeis' apartment. I was among those who sat
with the Justice from time to time on his couch and talked. Within a five or
ten-minute period, Justice Brandeis could pick your mind clean of all ideas you
had about the work you were doing. But on this occasion, which happened to be
about a month before he died, I was alone with Justice Brandeis at his
apartment. We talked for about three quarters of an hour, and the Justice did
most of the talking. He was telling me about economic developments in Palestine
and the potential economic development in Palestine if help was given, and also
the great importance of Palestine as a place of refuge and as a home for great
numbers of Jews who were being so badly persecuted in Europe and elsewhere. I
had the feeling that Justice Brandeis was seeking deliberately to inspire in me
the desire to be of help to this cause. And I always have tried to help, having
been profoundly aroused by what had been done to the Jewish communities of
Europe, in the Nazi controlled areas.
MCKINZIE:
"You indeed
had. I wonder if I could ask you to talk about the--you had already
explained something about the planning for movement into Germany that took place
in London, and then your own movements crossed channels in this would be 1944,
would it not?"
BERNSTEIN:
"Well, as I think I mentioned
earlier, when Secretary Morgenthau came to London in August, 1944, both for
discussions with the British on financial matters and the World Bank and
International Monetary Fund matters, and also to talk with the Army about
matters of interest to the Treasury and to the President, Secretary Morgenthau
became greatly interested in the military government program with respect to
Germany."
I had had discussions
with Secretary Morgenthau, beginning with breakfast on the train when I met him
in Scotland on his arrival. I outlined to him the trend of the thinking of SHAEF
on military government planning, and I discussed with him the handbook that had
been prepared. I also pointed out to him what I felt ought be the financial
policy vis-a-vis Germany. Secretary Morgenthau told me that he had discussed the
problem with General Eisenhower at General Eisenhower's headquarters when they
had lunch together, together with some staff of Secretary Morgenthau and General
Eisenhower. From that time on, Secretary Morgenthau personally, as Treasury
staff, and myself as the American financial man on General Eisenhower's staff,
played an increasing role in trying to develop a program, an American program,
for dealing with military government in Germany. Great divisions took place
between the departments of the Government on the matter, particularly between
State, Treasury and the War Department. President Roosevelt himself had views,
which seemed at some time to reflect support of Secretary Stimson's position and
at some time support of Secretary Morgenthau’s position. I think it's probably
fair to say that in the end, the point of view of Secretary Stimson was adopted
as American policy and basically determined the policy followed by Generals
Eisenhower and Clay, and later by John McCloy when he became High Commissioner
in Germany.
I do want to make one
point, which arose in these discussions. I was of the view that Germany, and
Germans, had the capacity to create a strong heavy industrial economy despite
the destructions of the war. I remember one afternoon in mid-1945 I was in a
small plane with General Lucius Clay and another American general, and we were
flying over the Ruhr. The scene below us was of devastating destruction of
Germany's Ruhr industrial machine. General Clay, looking at the scene, said to
me that I didn't have to worry about Germany ever reviving its industrial power.
I said to General Clay that I feared
that Germany would not only revive its industrial power but it would do it with
new plants and new equipment and be far greater industrially than before. I
think the history since then bears out the validity of my point. I think further
one has to remember that in 1945 the planning, at least on the side of the
United States and Great Britain, with respect to Germany, was on a basis of a
unified Germany, apart from those parts of Germany that were going to be ceded
to the Russians and the Poles and the French. I think we can see now that if
what we now call West Germany and East Germany were a single unified Germany,
that country would clearly be the dominant industrial power of Europe.
==============================================
MAIL CALL
Phil,
Good job
with the Gram! I have a couple of comments. First, regarding your
article on the 641 series, the tabular format for the technical data does not
carry over to all email programs (such as mine). The data is all over the
page. I think I can sort it out, but it is a nontrivial exercise. I
suggest using simpler formats in the future. Second, in your analysis of the
MASH episode, did you mean to say that the Finance Officer was NOT wearing the
proper insignia? Keep up the good work. Regards,
Warner
Hi
Warner!
I figured the way I stated it was going to be confusing... What I
wanted to convey, is that with the other errors in the episode, the officer from
the Finance Corps was wearing the correct insignia. That much they got right. As
for the formatting, I had copied the tables direct from my website... guess next
time I'll provide a link.
Phil
* *
* * *
* * *
* *
Dear Gram:
A few weeks ago I submitted an article from
Pravda giving the Soviet view of the currency reform in western Germany in
1948. In an effort to give equal time, the following website has a
terrific history of the currency reform and its role in precipitating the Berlin
Blockade. Unfortunately it is copyrighted so it cannot be reproduced but
it is a worthwhile read for anyone interested in these events and military
currency. The website is hosted by the Truman Library which has a number
of documents from this period available online including the oral interview with
Bernard Bernstein that Fred excerpted in previous Grams.
http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/BERLIN_A/PAGE_3.HTM
Jim Downey
* *
* * *
* * *
* *
<<Before the names are revealed, we would like to thank
everyone who supported this year's scholarship.>>
Well, he thanked a
bunch of people. Now who are the winners?
Joe
(Joe: full text
appears below, Editor)
==============================================
SCHOLARSHIP NEWS
Finally it is
Official! The review committee has made their decision and the recipients
have all been notified. Before the names are revealed, we would like to
thank everyone who supported this year’s scholarship:
Dave
Amey
Gail
Baker
Keith and Sue Bauman Doug
Bell
Bay
Bows
Angus
Bruce
Carlson
Chambliss
Ort Cowles
Guido Crapanzano Mike
Cummings Howard A.
Daniel
III
Sam Feeback
Steve
Feller
George Fitzgerald Dick
Freyser
Al Glaser
Philip M.
Goldstein Wes
Hardy
Rod
Hardy
Gary Hicks
Ed
Hoffman
Tom
Koch
Harold
Kroll
Tim Kyzivat
Jack
Lippincott
Kevin
Maloy
Ian
Marshall
Leo May
R. A.
Medina
Marv
Mericle
Mr.
691
John Pettit
Bruce
Potter
Gene
Ryan
Unknown Subscriber
Fred Schwan
David
Seelye
Joel
Shafer
Neil
Shafer
Larry Smulczenski
Warner
Talso
Marcus
Turner
Russ
Walsh
Tom Warburton
Mark
Watson
Pam
West
John & Nancy
Wilson
Bill Yanchick
We also want to have
extend a big thank you to three donors who have outdone themselves over the past
two years both in terms of financial and promotional support. It is for
this reason that we are awarding this year’s scholarships in the names
of:
Mr. 691, Mr. David
Seelye and Mr. Guido Crapanzano
We are very fortunate to
have such generous persons involved in our community. This years recipients are:
Robert Kutcher
Lincoln, Nebraska
Robert is currently a
Governor of the Central States Numismatic Society and actively writes for the
Lincoln Coin Club Newsletter, Nebraska Numismatic Association Newsletter and
Armenian Numismatic Journal. He has won several awards for numismatic
literature and is an active exhibit judge.
David Seelye
North Chili, New York
David is well known
(sometimes notoriously) within the military numismatics community over the past
few years. His expertise is varied across the different permutations of
military numismatics. He collects MPC Fest Money, military training money
and perhaps best known for his obsession with SOS notes. Dave will
certainly be a contributor to the content of the course.
Frank Clark
Carrollton, Texas
Frank is the existing
President of the Society of Paper Money Collectors and has been involved in too
many numismatic organizations to mention. It will be exciting to have the
leadership of SPMC involved in the course. At last count there were 10 persons
enrolled in the course. It should be a GREAT event. Overall it has been a
very successful year for the scholarship thanks to the contributions of
everyone. Please take a look at the donor list and take time to
recognize/patronize/support those who support our community.
==============================================
EDITORIAL
Apparently in the first letter sent to me containing the
Scholarship News, part of the text was lost. The letter in full appears
above.
Also there was a small misunderstanding with my fourth point in my
M*A*S*H letter in Gram 641. What I wished to convey, was with all the faults in
the episode, the insignia on the Finance Officers lapels are correct. At least
they got that right.
==============================================
CALENDAR OF EVENTS
2002
ANA Seminar: 29 June to 5 July
W.W. II
numismatics seminar at ANA Summer Seminar, July 2002
Session I (Saturday, 29 June through Friday, 5 July, 2002)
Session II (Sunday, 7 July through Thursday, 11 July, 2002)
general events will return
WESPMEX: 27 - 28 July
Westchester Paper Money
Exposition - 175 Dealers
Westchester County Center, White Plains,
NY
WESPMEX: 11 - 13 October
Westchester Paper Money
Exposition - 100 Dealers
Westchester County Center, White Plains,
NY
WESPMEX: 29 November - 1 December
Westchester
Paper Money Exposition - 160 Dealers
Westchester County Center, White Plains,
NY
2003
CPMX 9: 20 - 23 February,
MPC Fest
IV: 28 Feb - 2 March, Port Clinton, OH
Fest Registrants: Doug Bell, Joe Boling, Guido
Crapanzano, Dick Freyser, Philip M. Goldstein, Gary
Hicks, Harold Kroll,
Jack Lippincot, Kevin Maloy,
Leo May$$, Fred Schwan, David Seelye, Nick
Shrier, Larry Smulczenski, Warner Talso,
Marcus Turner, Tom
Warburton
$$ = Paid
Running total: 17
ANA: 19-22 March, Charlotte, NC
===================================================
HOT CONTACT
LIST - DEALER & RESOURCE LIST
Below is the BNR
Press Hot Contact List. This list serves several functions. Obviously it is an
outreach by the dealers listed for your business. Most of them buy and sell MPC.
Others organize shows or publish periodicals, or furnish information dedicated
to this field. They have supported the new Comprehensive Catalog of Military
Payment Certificates with their advertising.
They deserve
your support and patronage!
Name
phone
fax /
cell
email
Allens
(614)
882-3937 (614) 882-0662
info@allens.com
American Coins &
Collectibles (800)
865-3562
American Numismatic Ass'n
(800)
367-9723
ana@money.org
Guy
Araby
(562) 945-7891 (310)
508-0018
guyaraby@earthlink.net
Bob Baker
(713)
864-3122
Ken Barr
(408)
272-3247
ken@kenbarr.com
Fred Bart
(810)
979-3400
Dick Balbaton
(508)
699-2266 (508) 643-1154
RJBalbaton@aol.com
Keith and Suzanne
Bauman
(248)
262-1514
tnaksbauman@earthlink.net
Joe Bissell
(602)
440-0442 (602) 494-9103
BNR Press
(419)
732-6683 (419) 732-6683
fredschwan@yahoo.com
Remy Bourne
(800)
789-7070 (763) 789-4747
Ed Carne
(614)
882-3937 (614) 882-0662
info@allens.com
Champion Stamp
(212)
489-8130 (212) 581-8130
Cookie Jar
Collectibles
(301)
604-9225
cjcpi@comcast.net
Guido Crapanzano
[39]
2-8056228 [39] 2-4459856
Currency Dealer
Newsletter
(310)
515-7369
David F. Cieniewicz
(205)
852-7015
CGC
(602)
493-4758 (602) 494-9103
sales@gradedcurrency.com
Mike
Cummings
(863)
603-9899 (863) 603-9880
mpccoin@hotmail.com
Cygnet Charters
(419)
734-2422
Ray Czahor
(301)
604-9225
cjcpi@comcast.net
Doric Coins &
Currency
(508)
699-2266 (508) 643-1154
FUN
(407)
321-8747
Larry
Gibbs
(308)
635-7900
oth@prairieweb.com
Philip M. Goldstein
(845)
254-MPC1 [6721]
iwantmympc@aol.com or MPC Website
Great Lakes Bank Note
Company (419) 732-6683
IBNS
joeboling@aol.com
Essie Kashani
(909)
627-3996 (909) 627-2776
kashani10@aol.com
Lowel Horwdel
(765)
583-2748 (765) 583-4584
horwdel@inshightbb.com
Peter
Huntoon
Smithsonian Research
peter.huntoon@att.net
Lyn Knight
(800)
243-5211
Krause Publications
(715)
445-2214 (715) 445-4087
bnr@krause.com
Harold Kroll
(251)
649-5134
HARBONS@aol.com
Leo May
(305)
271-8391 (305) 720-0659
LeoMayEnt@aol.com or Wide World of
Banknotes
Ian Marshall
(416)
445-0286 (416) 445-0286
iam@total.net
Memphis Coin Club
(901)
757-2515
MPCGram
(419)
732-6683
MPCGram@yahoo.com
Bob Reed
(504)
361-5684
bobreed@rrcoins.net
Fred Schwan
(419)
732-6683 (419) 732-6683
FredSchwan@yahoo.com
David Seelye
(585)
594-1987 (585) 594-2311
coinman@rochester.rr.com
Richie Self
(318)
868-9077
R. M. Smythe
(800)
622-1880 (212) 908-4047
www.smytheonline.com
Mel Steinberg &
Son
(415)
453-9750 (415) 457-4432
melsteinberg@mindspring.com
Military Trader
(800)
334-7165
Scott Winslow Associates
(603)
472-7040 (603) 472-8773
scott@scottwinslow.com
George Warner
(307)
672-3700
Pam West
[44]
0208 641 3224 [44] 0208 641 3224 pamwestbritnotes@compuserve.com
===================================================
POST / BASE
EXCHANGE (PX/BX/NEX)
Dump your dupes!
Your classified advertisement for items for sale, purchase or trade will be run
here for free. Send your ads to the gram. This service is for everyone, most
humble dealer or most advanced collector. The point is to make the gram more
interesting. In all cases confirm your order via email first.
FOR SALE SECTION:
For Sale ads will run for a period of up to 5 issues, or until
sold.
Germany
- WW2 Notegelt 50 Pfennig red & orange Land Baden 1947 CU
$150.00
Germany - WW2 Notegelt 5 note complete set from Stuttgart May
1945 issue CU $250.00
Greece - WW2 1 Drachma Ionian
Islands P-M11 dr. blue scarce issue CU $28.00
Japan
- WW2 domestic issue 10 Yen greens &
black mishandled cu's (I have 3 in consecutive number) so
I'll
call them XF+ $18.00 each
I have more WW2
and world notes on my website: LeosWide World of Bank
Notes
Contact Leo May at LeoMayEnt@aol.com
(639)
FOR SALE:
ALLIED MILITARY AUTHORITY CURRENCY FOR AUSTRIA. 1944
ISSUE
P-102b 50
Groschen XF
$1 AU
$2 CU
$3
P-103a 1
Schilling
F $2 VF
$3
P-103b 1
Schilling
F $1 VF
$2 XF
$3
P-104b 2
Schillings
XF $3 AU
$4
P-105 5
Schillings
VF $3 XF
$4 AU
$5
P-106a 10
Schillings
(no fractional line in prefix
number) F $3
VF$4 XF
$5 AU
$6
P-106b 10
Schillings
(with fractional line in prefix
number) VF+ $5
P-107
20 Schillings F
$3 AU
$8
P-109 50
Schillings VF
$8 XF
$10 AU
$12
P-110a 100
Schillings (no fractional line in prefix number) F $6
VF$8 AU
$12
P-110b 100
Schillings (with fractional line in prefix number) F $6 VF
$8
RUSSIAN OCCUPATION - WWII - 1945
issue
P-113b 1
Reichsmark VF
$10 AU $20
ALLIED ISSUE FOR BELGIUM - GOVERNMENT
IN EXILE - ISSUE
1-2-43
P-121 5
Francs
F $3 VF
$4 XF
$5 AU
$6
P-122 10
Francs
F $3 VF
$4 XF
$5 AU
$6
P-123 100
Francs F
$10 VF
$15 XF
$20
P-124 500
Francs F
$50 VF $75
MILITARY ISSUE OF
1-8-46
P-M1 1 Franc prefix
'A' F $15 VF
$25
P-M4 10 Francs
prefix
'A'
F $50
Please confirm availability with Ed @ hoffman@rabbitbrush.com
Comprehensive
Catalog of Military Payment Certificates - 4th Edition
by Fred Schwan
Standard Edition (400 pages!)
$ 50
Collectors’s Edition (432 pages!)
$ 95
Researcher's Edition (432 page, 46 produced, limited to
availability) $125
All orders plus $4 shipping per
order (NOT per book). Send snail mail payment to:
BNR Press
132 E. Second Street
Port Clinton,
OH 43452
or PayPal using email:
fredschwan@yahoo.com
WANTED
SECTION:
Collectors may
submit lists of items wanted for their collections for listing here.
Dealers
and collectors who have these items, are then encouraged to list them for sale
in the above section as a reply.
Wanted listings will run for a period of 1
month.
WANTED - Fancy Series 641 fractional notes - any condition.
(5/18)
WANTED - Philippine Guerrila Money (5/26)
===================================================
MPC CATALOG
CORRECTIONS & ENHANCEMENTS
Page 18, Bottom - Users of Military Payment
Certificates
Check marks were omitted from production copies of books.
Please check off the following:
Australia:
641, 661, 681, 692
Canada:
461 through
and including 591
Korea:
641,
661, 681, 692
New Zealand: 641, 661, 681, 692
Thailand:
641, 661, 681, 692
United States: All
(date listed: 02 APRIL 2002)
Page 201, Bottom Right - Very last sentence on this page
Two serial numbers listed for the second printing of
Series 472 .50 cent
notes. The first serial number listed is obviously in error as a nine
digit number: C040351392C
Correct Serial Number is:
C04035139C
D Freyser (date
listed 10 April 2002)
Page 207,
#833/4 - Series 481 .25 4th Printing (table listing serial number
breakdowns) line 5
Start Number is incorrect. It appears as:
(start)
D14784001D (end) D14784000D
Correct start number should
be: D09408001D
PK6 (date listed: 03
APRIL 2002)
Page
214, #855/r2 - Series 541 $1 Replacements,
Ending serial number is
incorrect
Correct number is F1112000
(date listed: 02 APRIL 2002)
Page 220, #884/2r - Series 641 .50
Replacements
On page 284, it is broken down into 2 printings. That's
correct, BUT, on page 220 he lists only (1) printing reported. It should "list"
both first and second printings.
Guy Araby (date listed 04 APRIL 2002)
Page 287, Series 661 Series Summary, 25 cent note: the
"list" shows "#CU as 10(7) . It should read, 8(7). As only 8 are known in CU.
Just recount P.289.
Guy Araby (date listed 08 APRIL 2002)
Page 398, Series #541 $10 on "UNC." price is
$2500, on P.214 the UNC. price is $3500. Also the rest of the prices don't match
all the way to "VG" on this issue. They should be the same
price.
Guy Araby (date
listed 08 APRIL 2002)
===================================================
MPC Gram
Staff:
Publisher:
Fred Schwan -
MPCGram@yahoo.com
Editor:
Philip M. Goldstein -
IWANTMYMPC@aol.com
Subscription
Manager:
Doug Bell
-
doug@papermoneyworld.net
Tuesday Columnist :
Joe
Boling -
JoeBoling@aol.com
Thurski Columnist:
Larry
"Ski" Smulczenski - skifla@prodigy.net
Friday
Columnist:
Fred Schwan -
MPCGram@yahoo.com
Critic:
Harold
Kroll -
HARBONS@aol.com
Distribution Manager:
Brad
Peacock -
bp22@swbell.net
Scholarship
Coordinator:
Marcus
Turner -
maturner@indy.rr.com
Index &
Back Issue Manager:
vacant
Webmaster &
Technical Advisors: Doug Bell "Wiz" -
doug@papermoneyworld.net
Russ Walsh
-
russ.walsh@gte.net
Fact Checker:
Warner
Talso
-
Calendar
Coordinator:
John & Nancy Wilson -
The Boss:
Judy
Schwan -
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